Plastics in Medical Devices for Cardiovascular Applications

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Engineering of Biomaterials

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Throughout the past few decades’ worth of scientific progress, the use of engineered devices in the medical field has saved and improved numerous lives. Poly-lLactic Acid (PLLA), a polymer commonly used to build medical devices like sutures or stents, is an ideal material for such products because of its biodegradability, costeffectiveness, and overall strength. In this project, PLLA was fabricated and tested in order to identify processes that would improve its properties for medical applications. The crystallization, glass transition, and melting temperatures of PLLA pellets were analyzed through a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), after which PLLA fibers were fabricated through plunger extrusion. Primarily, this paper examines the process of drawing as a method of improving PLLA’s properties by increasing the homogeneity of its crystal orientation. Mechanical stress testing of the fibers shows that drawing increases the overall tensile strength of PLLA in the elastic, visc.

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Progress in Polymer Science

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Trends in Biotechnology

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Coronary heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death in most countries. Healthcare improvements have seen a shift in the presentation of disease with a reducing number of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMIs), largely due to earlier reperfusion strategies such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Stents have revolutionized the care of these patients, but the long-term effects of these devices have been brought to the fore. The conceptual and technologic evolution of these devices from bare-metal stents led to the creation and wide application of drug-eluting stents; further research introduced the idea of polymer-based resorbable stents. We look at the evolution of stents and the multiple advantages and disadvantages offered by each of the different polymers used to make stents in order to identify what the stent of the future may consist of whilst highlighting properties that are beneficial to the patient alongside the role of the surgeon, the ca.

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